A higher-level phylogenetic classification of the Fungi

David S Hibbett; Manfred Binder; Joseph F Bischoff; Meredith Blackwell; Paul F Cannon; Ove E Eriksson; Sabine Huhndorf; Timothy James; Paul M Kirk; Robert Lücking; H Thorsten Lumbsch; François Lutzoni; P Brandon Matheny; David J McLaughlin; Martha J Powell; Scott Redhead; Conrad L Schoch; Joseph W Spatafora; Joost A Stalpers; Rytas Vilgalys; M Catherine Aime; André Aptroot; Robert Bauer; Dominik Begerow; Gerald L Benny; Lisa A Castlebury; Pedro W Crous; Yu-Cheng Dai; Walter Gams; David M Geiser; Gareth W Griffith; Cécile Gueidan; David L Hawksworth; Geir Hestmark; Kentaro Hosaka; Richard A Humber; Kevin D Hyde; Joseph E Ironside; Urmas Kõljalg; Cletus P Kurtzman; Karl-Henrik Larsson; Robert Lichtwardt; Joyce Longcore; Jolanta Miadlikowska; Andrew Miller; Jean-Marc Moncalvo; Sharon Mozley-Standridge; Franz Oberwinkler; Erast Parmasto; Valérie Reeb; Jack D Rogers; Claude Roux; Leif Ryvarden; José Paulo Sampaio; Arthur Schüssler; Junta Sugiyama; R Greg Thorn; Leif Tibell; Wendy A Untereiner; Christopher Walker; Zheng Wang; Alex Weir; Michael Weiss; Merlin M White; Katarina Winka; Yi-Jian Yao; Ning Zhang

doi:10.1016/j.mycres.2007.03.004

A higher-level phylogenetic classification of the Fungi

David S Hibbett, Manfred Binder, Joseph F Bischoff, Meredith Blackwell, Paul F Cannon, Ove E Eriksson, Sabine Huhndorf, Timothy James, Paul M Kirk, Robert Lücking, H Thorsten Lumbsch, François Lutzoni, P Brandon Matheny, David J McLaughlin, Martha J Powell, Scott Redhead, Conrad L Schoch, Joseph W Spatafora, Joost A Stalpers, Rytas VilgalysM Catherine Aime, André Aptroot, Robert Bauer, Dominik Begerow, Gerald L Benny, Lisa A Castlebury, Pedro W Crous, Yu-Cheng Dai, Walter Gams, David M Geiser, Gareth W Griffith, Cécile Gueidan, David L Hawksworth, Geir Hestmark, Kentaro Hosaka, Richard A Humber, Kevin D Hyde, Joseph E Ironside, Urmas Kõljalg, Cletus P Kurtzman, Karl-Henrik Larsson, Robert Lichtwardt, Joyce Longcore, Jolanta Miadlikowska, Andrew Miller, Jean-Marc Moncalvo, Sharon Mozley-Standridge, Franz Oberwinkler, Erast Parmasto, Valérie Reeb, Jack D Rogers, Claude Roux, Leif Ryvarden, José Paulo Sampaio, Arthur Schüssler, Junta Sugiyama, R Greg Thorn, Leif Tibell, Wendy A Untereiner, Christopher Walker, Zheng Wang, Alex Weir, Michael Weiss, Merlin M White, Katarina Winka, Yi-Jian Yao, Ning Zhang

Research output: Contribution to journal/periodical › Article › Scientific › peer-review

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Abstract

A comprehensive phylogenetic classification of the kingdom Fungi is proposed, with reference to recent molecular phylogenetic analyses, and with input from diverse members of the fungal taxonomic community. The classification includes 195 taxa, down to the level of order, of which 16 are described or validated here: Dikarya subkingdom nov.; Chytridiomycota, Neocallimastigomycota phyla nov.; Monoblepharidomycetes, Neocallimastigomycetes class. nov.; Eurotiomycetidae, Lecanoromycetidae, Mycocaliciomycetidae subclass. nov.; Acarosporales, Corticiales, Baeomycetales, Candelariales, Gloeophyllales, Melanosporales, Trechisporales, Umbilicariales ords. nov. The clade containing Ascomycota and Basidiomycota is classified as subkingdom Dikarya, reflecting the putative synapomorphy of dikaryotic hyphae. The most dramatic shifts in the classification relative to previous works concern the groups that have traditionally been included in the Chytridiomycota and Zygomycota. The Chytridiomycota is retained in a restricted sense, with Blastocladiomycota and Neocallimastigomycota representing segregate phyla of flagellated Fungi. Taxa traditionally placed in Zygomycota are distributed among Glomeromycota and several subphyla incertae sedis, including Mucoromycotina, Entomophthoromycotina, Kickxellomycotina, and Zoopagomycotina. Microsporidia are included in the Fungi, but no further subdivision of the group is proposed. Several genera of 'basal' Fungi of uncertain position are not placed in any higher taxa, including Basidiobolus, Caulochytrium, Olpidium, and Rozella.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	509-547
Number of pages	39
Journal	Mycological Research
Volume	111
Issue number	5
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mycres.2007.03.004
Publication status	Published - 2007

Keywords

Evolution, Molecular
Fungi
Phylogeny
Terminology as Topic

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10.1016/j.mycres.2007.03.004

Cite this

Hibbett, D. S., Binder, M., Bischoff, J. F., Blackwell, M., Cannon, P. F., Eriksson, O. E., Huhndorf, S., James, T., Kirk, P. M., Lücking, R., Thorsten Lumbsch, H., Lutzoni, F., Matheny, P. B., McLaughlin, D. J., Powell, M. J., Redhead, S., Schoch, C. L., Spatafora, J. W., Stalpers, J. A., ... Zhang, N. (2007). A higher-level phylogenetic classification of the Fungi. Mycological Research, 111(5), 509-547. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mycres.2007.03.004

@article{4fc866daf9c34b90abfae6365aa657df,

title = "A higher-level phylogenetic classification of the Fungi",

abstract = "A comprehensive phylogenetic classification of the kingdom Fungi is proposed, with reference to recent molecular phylogenetic analyses, and with input from diverse members of the fungal taxonomic community. The classification includes 195 taxa, down to the level of order, of which 16 are described or validated here: Dikarya subkingdom nov.; Chytridiomycota, Neocallimastigomycota phyla nov.; Monoblepharidomycetes, Neocallimastigomycetes class. nov.; Eurotiomycetidae, Lecanoromycetidae, Mycocaliciomycetidae subclass. nov.; Acarosporales, Corticiales, Baeomycetales, Candelariales, Gloeophyllales, Melanosporales, Trechisporales, Umbilicariales ords. nov. The clade containing Ascomycota and Basidiomycota is classified as subkingdom Dikarya, reflecting the putative synapomorphy of dikaryotic hyphae. The most dramatic shifts in the classification relative to previous works concern the groups that have traditionally been included in the Chytridiomycota and Zygomycota. The Chytridiomycota is retained in a restricted sense, with Blastocladiomycota and Neocallimastigomycota representing segregate phyla of flagellated Fungi. Taxa traditionally placed in Zygomycota are distributed among Glomeromycota and several subphyla incertae sedis, including Mucoromycotina, Entomophthoromycotina, Kickxellomycotina, and Zoopagomycotina. Microsporidia are included in the Fungi, but no further subdivision of the group is proposed. Several genera of 'basal' Fungi of uncertain position are not placed in any higher taxa, including Basidiobolus, Caulochytrium, Olpidium, and Rozella.",

keywords = "Evolution, Molecular, Fungi, Phylogeny, Terminology as Topic",

author = "Hibbett, {David S} and Manfred Binder and Bischoff, {Joseph F} and Meredith Blackwell and Cannon, {Paul F} and Eriksson, {Ove E} and Sabine Huhndorf and Timothy James and Kirk, {Paul M} and Robert L{\"u}cking and {Thorsten Lumbsch}, H and Fran{\c c}ois Lutzoni and Matheny, {P Brandon} and McLaughlin, {David J} and Powell, {Martha J} and Scott Redhead and Schoch, {Conrad L} and Spatafora, {Joseph W} and Stalpers, {Joost A} and Rytas Vilgalys and Aime, {M Catherine} and Andr{\'e} Aptroot and Robert Bauer and Dominik Begerow and Benny, {Gerald L} and Castlebury, {Lisa A} and Crous, {Pedro W} and Yu-Cheng Dai and Walter Gams and Geiser, {David M} and Griffith, {Gareth W} and C{\'e}cile Gueidan and Hawksworth, {David L} and Geir Hestmark and Kentaro Hosaka and Humber, {Richard A} and Hyde, {Kevin D} and Ironside, {Joseph E} and Urmas K{\~o}ljalg and Kurtzman, {Cletus P} and Karl-Henrik Larsson and Robert Lichtwardt and Joyce Longcore and Jolanta Miadlikowska and Andrew Miller and Jean-Marc Moncalvo and Sharon Mozley-Standridge and Franz Oberwinkler and Erast Parmasto and Val{\'e}rie Reeb and Rogers, {Jack D} and Claude Roux and Leif Ryvarden and Sampaio, {Jos{\'e} Paulo} and Arthur Sch{\"u}ssler and Junta Sugiyama and Thorn, {R Greg} and Leif Tibell and Untereiner, {Wendy A} and Christopher Walker and Zheng Wang and Alex Weir and Michael Weiss and White, {Merlin M} and Katarina Winka and Yi-Jian Yao and Ning Zhang",

year = "2007",

doi = "10.1016/j.mycres.2007.03.004",

language = "English",

volume = "111",

pages = "509--547",

journal = "Mycological Research",

issn = "0953-7562",

publisher = "Cambridge University Press",

number = "5",

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Hibbett, DS, Binder, M, Bischoff, JF, Blackwell, M, Cannon, PF, Eriksson, OE, Huhndorf, S, James, T, Kirk, PM, Lücking, R, Thorsten Lumbsch, H, Lutzoni, F, Matheny, PB, McLaughlin, DJ, Powell, MJ, Redhead, S, Schoch, CL, Spatafora, JW, Stalpers, JA, Vilgalys, R, Aime, MC, Aptroot, A, Bauer, R, Begerow, D, Benny, GL, Castlebury, LA, Crous, PW, Dai, Y-C, Gams, W, Geiser, DM, Griffith, GW, Gueidan, C, Hawksworth, DL, Hestmark, G, Hosaka, K, Humber, RA, Hyde, KD, Ironside, JE, Kõljalg, U, Kurtzman, CP, Larsson, K-H, Lichtwardt, R, Longcore, J, Miadlikowska, J, Miller, A, Moncalvo, J-M, Mozley-Standridge, S, Oberwinkler, F, Parmasto, E, Reeb, V, Rogers, JD, Roux, C, Ryvarden, L, Sampaio, JP, Schüssler, A, Sugiyama, J, Thorn, RG, Tibell, L, Untereiner, WA, Walker, C, Wang, Z, Weir, A, Weiss, M, White, MM, Winka, K, Yao, Y-J & Zhang, N 2007, 'A higher-level phylogenetic classification of the Fungi', Mycological Research, vol. 111, no. 5, pp. 509-547. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mycres.2007.03.004

TY - JOUR

T1 - A higher-level phylogenetic classification of the Fungi

AU - Hibbett, David S

AU - Binder, Manfred

AU - Bischoff, Joseph F

AU - Blackwell, Meredith

AU - Cannon, Paul F

AU - Eriksson, Ove E

AU - Huhndorf, Sabine

AU - James, Timothy

AU - Kirk, Paul M

AU - Lücking, Robert

AU - Thorsten Lumbsch, H

AU - Lutzoni, François

AU - Matheny, P Brandon

AU - McLaughlin, David J

AU - Powell, Martha J

AU - Redhead, Scott

AU - Schoch, Conrad L

AU - Spatafora, Joseph W

AU - Stalpers, Joost A

AU - Vilgalys, Rytas

AU - Aime, M Catherine

AU - Aptroot, André

AU - Bauer, Robert

AU - Begerow, Dominik

AU - Benny, Gerald L

AU - Castlebury, Lisa A

AU - Crous, Pedro W

AU - Dai, Yu-Cheng

AU - Gams, Walter

AU - Geiser, David M

AU - Griffith, Gareth W

AU - Gueidan, Cécile

AU - Hawksworth, David L

AU - Hestmark, Geir

AU - Hosaka, Kentaro

AU - Humber, Richard A

AU - Hyde, Kevin D

AU - Ironside, Joseph E

AU - Kõljalg, Urmas

AU - Kurtzman, Cletus P

AU - Larsson, Karl-Henrik

AU - Lichtwardt, Robert

AU - Longcore, Joyce

AU - Miadlikowska, Jolanta

AU - Miller, Andrew

AU - Moncalvo, Jean-Marc

AU - Mozley-Standridge, Sharon

AU - Oberwinkler, Franz

AU - Parmasto, Erast

AU - Reeb, Valérie

AU - Rogers, Jack D

AU - Roux, Claude

AU - Ryvarden, Leif

AU - Sampaio, José Paulo

AU - Schüssler, Arthur

AU - Sugiyama, Junta

AU - Thorn, R Greg

AU - Tibell, Leif

AU - Untereiner, Wendy A

AU - Walker, Christopher

AU - Wang, Zheng

AU - Weir, Alex

AU - Weiss, Michael

AU - White, Merlin M

AU - Winka, Katarina

AU - Yao, Yi-Jian

AU - Zhang, Ning

PY - 2007

Y1 - 2007

N2 - A comprehensive phylogenetic classification of the kingdom Fungi is proposed, with reference to recent molecular phylogenetic analyses, and with input from diverse members of the fungal taxonomic community. The classification includes 195 taxa, down to the level of order, of which 16 are described or validated here: Dikarya subkingdom nov.; Chytridiomycota, Neocallimastigomycota phyla nov.; Monoblepharidomycetes, Neocallimastigomycetes class. nov.; Eurotiomycetidae, Lecanoromycetidae, Mycocaliciomycetidae subclass. nov.; Acarosporales, Corticiales, Baeomycetales, Candelariales, Gloeophyllales, Melanosporales, Trechisporales, Umbilicariales ords. nov. The clade containing Ascomycota and Basidiomycota is classified as subkingdom Dikarya, reflecting the putative synapomorphy of dikaryotic hyphae. The most dramatic shifts in the classification relative to previous works concern the groups that have traditionally been included in the Chytridiomycota and Zygomycota. The Chytridiomycota is retained in a restricted sense, with Blastocladiomycota and Neocallimastigomycota representing segregate phyla of flagellated Fungi. Taxa traditionally placed in Zygomycota are distributed among Glomeromycota and several subphyla incertae sedis, including Mucoromycotina, Entomophthoromycotina, Kickxellomycotina, and Zoopagomycotina. Microsporidia are included in the Fungi, but no further subdivision of the group is proposed. Several genera of 'basal' Fungi of uncertain position are not placed in any higher taxa, including Basidiobolus, Caulochytrium, Olpidium, and Rozella.

AB - A comprehensive phylogenetic classification of the kingdom Fungi is proposed, with reference to recent molecular phylogenetic analyses, and with input from diverse members of the fungal taxonomic community. The classification includes 195 taxa, down to the level of order, of which 16 are described or validated here: Dikarya subkingdom nov.; Chytridiomycota, Neocallimastigomycota phyla nov.; Monoblepharidomycetes, Neocallimastigomycetes class. nov.; Eurotiomycetidae, Lecanoromycetidae, Mycocaliciomycetidae subclass. nov.; Acarosporales, Corticiales, Baeomycetales, Candelariales, Gloeophyllales, Melanosporales, Trechisporales, Umbilicariales ords. nov. The clade containing Ascomycota and Basidiomycota is classified as subkingdom Dikarya, reflecting the putative synapomorphy of dikaryotic hyphae. The most dramatic shifts in the classification relative to previous works concern the groups that have traditionally been included in the Chytridiomycota and Zygomycota. The Chytridiomycota is retained in a restricted sense, with Blastocladiomycota and Neocallimastigomycota representing segregate phyla of flagellated Fungi. Taxa traditionally placed in Zygomycota are distributed among Glomeromycota and several subphyla incertae sedis, including Mucoromycotina, Entomophthoromycotina, Kickxellomycotina, and Zoopagomycotina. Microsporidia are included in the Fungi, but no further subdivision of the group is proposed. Several genera of 'basal' Fungi of uncertain position are not placed in any higher taxa, including Basidiobolus, Caulochytrium, Olpidium, and Rozella.

KW - Evolution, Molecular

KW - Fungi

KW - Phylogeny

KW - Terminology as Topic

U2 - 10.1016/j.mycres.2007.03.004

DO - 10.1016/j.mycres.2007.03.004

M3 - Article

C2 - 17572334

SN - 0953-7562

VL - 111

SP - 509

EP - 547

JO - Mycological Research

JF - Mycological Research

IS - 5

ER -

A higher-level phylogenetic classification of the Fungi

Abstract

Keywords

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