Deciphering microbial landscapes of fish eggs to mitigate emerging diseases

TY - JOUR

T1 - Deciphering microbial landscapes of fish eggs to mitigate emerging diseases

AU - Liu, Yiying

AU - De Bruijn, I.

AU - Jack, A.

AU - Drynan, K.

AU - van den Berg, A.H.

AU - Thoen, E.

AU - Sandoval-Sierra, V.

AU - Skaar, I.

AU - van West, P.

AU - Diéguez-Uribeondo, J.

AU - van der Voort, M.

AU - Mendes, R.

AU - Mazzola, M.

AU - Raaijmakers, J.M.

N1 - Reporting year: 2014 Metis note: 5586; ME Data archiving: data archived at MDA

PY - 2014

Y1 - 2014

N2 - Animals and plants are increasingly suffering from diseases caused by fungi and oomycetes. These emerging pathogens are now recognized as a global threat to biodiversity and food security. Among oomycetes, Saprolegnia species cause significant declines in fish and amphibian populations. Fish eggs have an immature adaptive immune system and depend on nonspecific innate defences to ward off pathogens. Here, meta-taxonomic analyses revealed that Atlantic salmon eggs are home to diverse fungal, oomycete and bacterial communities. Although virulent Saprolegnia isolates were found in all salmon egg samples, a low incidence of Saprolegniosis was strongly correlated with a high richness and abundance of specific commensal Actinobacteria, with the genus Frondihabitans (Microbacteriaceae) effectively inhibiting attachment of Saprolegniato salmon eggs. These results highlight that fundamental insights into microbial landscapes of fish eggs may provide new sustainable means to mitigate emerging diseases. The ISME Journal advance online publication, 27 March 2014; doi:10.1038/ismej.2014.44 Subject Category: Microbe-microbe and microbe-host interactions Keywords: salmon; Saprolegniosis; Actinobacteria; microbiome; emerging pathogens

AB - Animals and plants are increasingly suffering from diseases caused by fungi and oomycetes. These emerging pathogens are now recognized as a global threat to biodiversity and food security. Among oomycetes, Saprolegnia species cause significant declines in fish and amphibian populations. Fish eggs have an immature adaptive immune system and depend on nonspecific innate defences to ward off pathogens. Here, meta-taxonomic analyses revealed that Atlantic salmon eggs are home to diverse fungal, oomycete and bacterial communities. Although virulent Saprolegnia isolates were found in all salmon egg samples, a low incidence of Saprolegniosis was strongly correlated with a high richness and abundance of specific commensal Actinobacteria, with the genus Frondihabitans (Microbacteriaceae) effectively inhibiting attachment of Saprolegniato salmon eggs. These results highlight that fundamental insights into microbial landscapes of fish eggs may provide new sustainable means to mitigate emerging diseases. The ISME Journal advance online publication, 27 March 2014; doi:10.1038/ismej.2014.44 Subject Category: Microbe-microbe and microbe-host interactions Keywords: salmon; Saprolegniosis; Actinobacteria; microbiome; emerging pathogens

KW - international

U2 - 10.1038/ismej.2014.44

DO - 10.1038/ismej.2014.44

M3 - Article

SN - 1751-7362

VL - 8

SP - 2002

EP - 2014

JO - ISME Journal

JF - ISME Journal

ER -