TY - JOUR
T1 - Multilocus phylogeny- and fruiting feature-assisted delimitation of European Cyclocybe aegerita from a new Asian species complex and related species
AU - Frings, Roman A.
AU - Maciá-Vicente, Jose G.
AU - Buße, Sandra
AU - Čmoková, Adéla
AU - Kellner, Harald
AU - Hofrichter, Martin
AU - Hennicke, Florian
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was funded by the Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung. JGMV and FH gratefully acknowledge support from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) under the grants MA7171/1-1 and HE 7849/3-1. Acknowledgements Adherence to national and international regulations Availability of data and materials
Funding Information:
Open Access funding was provided by Projekt DEAL from which the corresponding author thankfully benefited through the Ruhr-University Bochum (RUB). This work greatly benefited from the generous support of dear colleagues providing strains and sequencing support, including Dr. A.S.M. Sonnenberg (Wageningen University & Research, Netherlands), as well as Dr. Marc Stadler (Helmholtz Centre for Infection Biology, Braunschweig, Germany) and his team, especially Dr. Benjarong Thongbai and Pathompong Paomephan. A special thanks goes to Dr. Ren? Ullrich (IHI Zittau) for C. erebia IHI606 and for his help gathering information to strain origins. Britta Bittner is thanked for delivering the spore print of Cyclocybe sp. DSM 22459 from spawn bag-grown basidiomes. We confirm adherence to any pertinent national or international legislation that applies to the transfer of living biotic materials between countries used in the study. All data generated or analyzed in this study are included in this article and its supplementary information files. All alignments and trees from this study are available from TreeBASE (accession number S25303) and all sequences generated here are available from GenBank under accession numbers MN306154?MN308284.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2020, The Author(s).
PY - 2020/10/1
Y1 - 2020/10/1
N2 - Cyclocybe aegerita (synonym: Agrocybe aegerita) is a widely cultivated edible and reportedly almost cosmopolitan mushroom species that serves as a model fungus for basidiome formation and as producer of useful natural products and enzymes. Focusing on strains from different continents, here, we present a phylogenetic analysis of this species and some adjacent taxa that employs four phylogenetic markers. In addition, we tested the strains’ capability to fructify on agar media. Our analysis reveals that “C. aegerita sensu lato” splits up into the following two well-supported monophyletic geographic lineages: a European clade and an Asian clade. The European one is closely associated with the Chinese species Cyclocybe salicaceicola. In contrast, the Asian lineage, which we preliminarily designate as Cyclocybe chaxingu agg., may comprise several species (species complex) and clusters with the Pacific species Cyclocybe parasitica (New Zealand). In addition, fruiting properties differ across C. aegerita and its Asian and Pacific relatives; however, strains from the Asian clade and C. parasitica tend to form larger basidiomes with relatively big caps and long stipes and strains from the European clade exhibit a more variable fruiting productivity with the tendency to form more basidiomes, with smaller caps and shorter stipes. Moreover, some strains showed individual fruiting patterns, such as the preference to fruit where they were exposed to injuring stimuli. In conclusion, the delimitation of the newly delimited Asian species complex from our multilocus phylogeny of “C. aegerita sensu lato”, which is supported by phenotypic data, depicts an exemplary case of biogeographic diversity within a previously thought homogeneous species of near worldwide distribution.
AB - Cyclocybe aegerita (synonym: Agrocybe aegerita) is a widely cultivated edible and reportedly almost cosmopolitan mushroom species that serves as a model fungus for basidiome formation and as producer of useful natural products and enzymes. Focusing on strains from different continents, here, we present a phylogenetic analysis of this species and some adjacent taxa that employs four phylogenetic markers. In addition, we tested the strains’ capability to fructify on agar media. Our analysis reveals that “C. aegerita sensu lato” splits up into the following two well-supported monophyletic geographic lineages: a European clade and an Asian clade. The European one is closely associated with the Chinese species Cyclocybe salicaceicola. In contrast, the Asian lineage, which we preliminarily designate as Cyclocybe chaxingu agg., may comprise several species (species complex) and clusters with the Pacific species Cyclocybe parasitica (New Zealand). In addition, fruiting properties differ across C. aegerita and its Asian and Pacific relatives; however, strains from the Asian clade and C. parasitica tend to form larger basidiomes with relatively big caps and long stipes and strains from the European clade exhibit a more variable fruiting productivity with the tendency to form more basidiomes, with smaller caps and shorter stipes. Moreover, some strains showed individual fruiting patterns, such as the preference to fruit where they were exposed to injuring stimuli. In conclusion, the delimitation of the newly delimited Asian species complex from our multilocus phylogeny of “C. aegerita sensu lato”, which is supported by phenotypic data, depicts an exemplary case of biogeographic diversity within a previously thought homogeneous species of near worldwide distribution.
KW - Basidiomycota
KW - Fruiting
KW - Molecular systematics
KW - Mushroom biogeography
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85092304482&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1007/s11557-020-01599-z
DO - 10.1007/s11557-020-01599-z
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85092304482
SN - 1617-416X
VL - 19
SP - 1001
EP - 1016
JO - Mycological Progress
JF - Mycological Progress
IS - 10
ER -