Increased susceptibility to enemies following introduction in the invasive plant Silene latifolia

TY - JOUR

T1 - Increased susceptibility to enemies following introduction in the invasive plant Silene latifolia

AU - Wolfe, L.M.

AU - Elzinga, J.A.

AU - Biere, A.

N1 - Reporting year: 2004 Metis note: 3403; CTE; PVP ; TE file:///L:/Endnotedatabases/NIOOPUB/pdfs/Pdfs2004/Wolfe_ea_3403.pdf

PY - 2004

Y1 - 2004

N2 - One of the influential hypotheses invoked to explain why species become invasive following introduction is that release from natural enemies favours a shift in investment from defence to traits enhancing growth and reproduction. Silene latifolia was introduced from Europe (EU) to North America (NA) c. 200 years ago where it experiences lower damage by natural enemies. A common garden experiment in EU using seeds from 20 EU and 20 NA populations revealed (1) genetically-based differences in life history between plants from EU and NA; plants from NA have evolved a weedy phenotype that flowers earlier, and has a two- to threefold higher reproductive potential; (2) higher susceptibility of NA plants to fungal infection, fruit predation, and aphid infestation. These results suggest that the invasive NA phenotype has evolved at the expense of defensive abilities. Despite this increased susceptibility to enemies, NA populations still outperformed EU populations in this common garden. [KEYWORDS: Aphid biological invasion; common garden; Brachycaudus populi; enemy release; hypothesis fruit; predation; Hadena bicruris; Microbotryum violaceum; pathogen infection; Silene latifolia]

AB - One of the influential hypotheses invoked to explain why species become invasive following introduction is that release from natural enemies favours a shift in investment from defence to traits enhancing growth and reproduction. Silene latifolia was introduced from Europe (EU) to North America (NA) c. 200 years ago where it experiences lower damage by natural enemies. A common garden experiment in EU using seeds from 20 EU and 20 NA populations revealed (1) genetically-based differences in life history between plants from EU and NA; plants from NA have evolved a weedy phenotype that flowers earlier, and has a two- to threefold higher reproductive potential; (2) higher susceptibility of NA plants to fungal infection, fruit predation, and aphid infestation. These results suggest that the invasive NA phenotype has evolved at the expense of defensive abilities. Despite this increased susceptibility to enemies, NA populations still outperformed EU populations in this common garden. [KEYWORDS: Aphid biological invasion; common garden; Brachycaudus populi; enemy release; hypothesis fruit; predation; Hadena bicruris; Microbotryum violaceum; pathogen infection; Silene latifolia]

KW - NIOO/CTE/PVP

U2 - 10.1111/j.1461-0248.2004.00649.x

DO - 10.1111/j.1461-0248.2004.00649.x

M3 - Article

SN - 1461-023X

VL - 7

SP - 813

EP - 820

JO - Ecology Letters

JF - Ecology Letters

IS - 9

ER -