TY - JOUR
T1 - Risk factors associated with sustained circulation of six zoonotic arboviruses: a systematic review for selection of surveillance sites in non-endemic areas
AU - Esser, Helen J.
AU - Mögling, Ramona
AU - Cleton, Natalie B.
AU - van der Jeugd, Henk
AU - Sprong, Hein
AU - Stroo, Arjan
AU - Koopmans, Marion P. G.
AU - de Boer, Willem F.
AU - Reusken, Chantal B. E. M.
N1 - 6769, VT; Data archiving: no data (review)
PY - 2019
Y1 - 2019
N2 - Arboviruses represent a significant burden to public health and local economies due to their ability to cause unpredictable and widespread epidemics. To maximize early detection of arbovirus emergence in non-endemic areas, surveillance efforts should target areas where circulation is most likely. However, identifying such hotspots of potential emergence is a major challenge. The ecological conditions leading to arbovirus outbreaks are shaped by complex interactions between the virus, its vertebrate hosts, arthropod vector, and abiotic environment that are often poorly understood. Here, we systematically review the ecological risk factors associated with the circulation of six arboviruses that are of considerable concern to northwestern Europe. These include three mosquito-borne viruses (Japanese encephalitis virus, West Nile virus, Rift Valley fever virus) and three tick-borne viruses (Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus, tick-borne encephalitis virus, and louping-ill virus). We consider both intrinsic (e.g. vector and reservoir host competence) and extrinsic (e.g. temperature, precipitation, host densities, land use) risk factors, identify current knowledge gaps, and discuss future directions. Our systematic review provides baseline information for the identification of regions and habitats that have suitable ecological conditions for endemic circulation, and therefore may be used to target early warning surveillance programs aimed at detecting multi-virus and/or arbovirus emergence.
AB - Arboviruses represent a significant burden to public health and local economies due to their ability to cause unpredictable and widespread epidemics. To maximize early detection of arbovirus emergence in non-endemic areas, surveillance efforts should target areas where circulation is most likely. However, identifying such hotspots of potential emergence is a major challenge. The ecological conditions leading to arbovirus outbreaks are shaped by complex interactions between the virus, its vertebrate hosts, arthropod vector, and abiotic environment that are often poorly understood. Here, we systematically review the ecological risk factors associated with the circulation of six arboviruses that are of considerable concern to northwestern Europe. These include three mosquito-borne viruses (Japanese encephalitis virus, West Nile virus, Rift Valley fever virus) and three tick-borne viruses (Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus, tick-borne encephalitis virus, and louping-ill virus). We consider both intrinsic (e.g. vector and reservoir host competence) and extrinsic (e.g. temperature, precipitation, host densities, land use) risk factors, identify current knowledge gaps, and discuss future directions. Our systematic review provides baseline information for the identification of regions and habitats that have suitable ecological conditions for endemic circulation, and therefore may be used to target early warning surveillance programs aimed at detecting multi-virus and/or arbovirus emergence.
KW - national
KW - Arthropod Vectors/virology
KW - Europe
KW - Humans
KW - Risk Factors
KW - Arbovirus Infections/epidemiology
KW - Arboviruses/classification
KW - Encephalitis Virus, Japanese/isolation & purification
KW - Rift Valley fever virus/isolation & purification
KW - Animals
KW - West Nile virus/isolation & purification
KW - Mosquito Vectors/virology
KW - Disease Vectors
KW - Rift Valley fever virus
KW - Louping-ill virus
KW - West Nile virus
KW - Japanese encephalitis virus
KW - Tick-borne encephalitis virus
KW - Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus
U2 - 10.1186/s13071-019-3515-7
DO - 10.1186/s13071-019-3515-7
M3 - Article
C2 - 31133059
SN - 1756-3305
VL - 12
SP - 265
JO - Parasites & Vectors
JF - Parasites & Vectors
IS - 1
ER -