@article{1f5000b022234e59bb0b0bdfbf3d3dd0,
title = "SARS-CoV-2 productively infects human gut enterocytes",
abstract = "Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) can cause coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), an influenza-like disease that is primarily thought to infect the lungs with transmission through the respiratory route. However, clinical evidence suggests that the intestine may present another viral target organ. Indeed, the SARS-CoV-2 receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is highly expressed on differentiated enterocytes. In human small intestinal organoids (hSIOs), enterocytes were readily infected by SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2, as demonstrated by confocal and electron microscopy. Enterocytes produced infectious viral particles, whereas messenger RNA expression analysis of hSIOs revealed induction of a generic viral response program. Therefore, the intestinal epithelium supports SARS-CoV-2 replication, and hSIOs serve as an experimental model for coronavirus infection and biology.",
keywords = "Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2, Betacoronavirus/physiology, Cell Culture Techniques, Cell Differentiation, Cell Lineage, Cell Proliferation, Culture Media, Enterocytes/metabolism, Gene Expression, Humans, Ileum/metabolism, Lung/virology, Male, Organoids, Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A/genetics, RNA, Messenger/genetics, Receptors, Virus/genetics, Respiratory Mucosa/virology, SARS Virus/physiology, SARS-CoV-2, Virus Replication",
author = "Lamers, {Mart M} and Joep Beumer and {van der Vaart}, Jelte and K{\`e}vin Knoops and Jens Puschhof and Breugem, {Tim I} and Ravelli, {Raimond B G} and {Paul van Schayck}, J and Mykytyn, {Anna Z} and Duimel, {Hans Q} and {van Donselaar}, Elly and Samra Riesebosch and Kuijpers, {Helma J H} and Debby Schipper and {van de Wetering}, {Willine J} and {de Graaf}, Miranda and Marion Koopmans and Edwin Cuppen and Peters, {Peter J} and Haagmans, {Bart L} and Hans Clevers",
note = "Copyright {\textcopyright} 2020, American Association for the Advancement of Science.",
year = "2020",
month = jul,
day = "3",
doi = "10.1126/science.abc1669",
language = "English",
volume = "369",
pages = "50--54",
journal = "Science",
issn = "0036-8075",
publisher = "American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)",
number = "6499",
}