TY - JOUR
T1 - The cell morphological diversity of Saccharomycotina yeasts
AU - Chavez, Christina M.
AU - Groenewald, Marizeth
AU - Hulfachor, Amanda B.
AU - Kpurubu, Gideon
AU - Huerta, Rene
AU - Hittinger, Chris Todd
AU - Rokas, Antonis
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© The Author(s) 2023. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of FEMS.
PY - 2024
Y1 - 2024
N2 - The ∼1 200 known species in subphylum Saccharomycotina are a highly diverse clade of unicellular fungi. During its lifecycle, a typical yeast exhibits multiple cell types with various morphologies; these morphologies vary across Saccharomycotina species. Here, we synthesize the evolutionary dimensions of variation in cellular morphology of yeasts across the subphylum, focusing on variation in cell shape, cell size, type of budding, and filament production. Examination of 332 representative species across the subphylum revealed that the most common budding cell shapes are ovoid, spherical, and ellipsoidal, and that their average length and width is 5.6 μm and 3.6 μm, respectively. 58.4% of yeast species examined can produce filamentous cells, and 87.3% of species reproduce asexually by multilateral budding, which does not require utilization of cell polarity for mitosis. Interestingly, ∼1.8% of species examined have not been observed to produce budding cells, but rather only produce filaments of septate hyphae and/or pseudohyphae. 76.9% of yeast species examined have sexual cycle descriptions, with most producing one to four ascospores that are most commonly hat-shaped (37.4%). Systematic description of yeast cellular morphological diversity and reconstruction of its evolution promises to enrich our understanding of the evolutionary cell biology of this major fungal lineage.
AB - The ∼1 200 known species in subphylum Saccharomycotina are a highly diverse clade of unicellular fungi. During its lifecycle, a typical yeast exhibits multiple cell types with various morphologies; these morphologies vary across Saccharomycotina species. Here, we synthesize the evolutionary dimensions of variation in cellular morphology of yeasts across the subphylum, focusing on variation in cell shape, cell size, type of budding, and filament production. Examination of 332 representative species across the subphylum revealed that the most common budding cell shapes are ovoid, spherical, and ellipsoidal, and that their average length and width is 5.6 μm and 3.6 μm, respectively. 58.4% of yeast species examined can produce filamentous cells, and 87.3% of species reproduce asexually by multilateral budding, which does not require utilization of cell polarity for mitosis. Interestingly, ∼1.8% of species examined have not been observed to produce budding cells, but rather only produce filaments of septate hyphae and/or pseudohyphae. 76.9% of yeast species examined have sexual cycle descriptions, with most producing one to four ascospores that are most commonly hat-shaped (37.4%). Systematic description of yeast cellular morphological diversity and reconstruction of its evolution promises to enrich our understanding of the evolutionary cell biology of this major fungal lineage.
KW - budding
KW - cell shape
KW - cell size
KW - cell type
KW - evolutionary cell biology
KW - hyphae
KW - pseudohyphae
KW - Saccharomycotina
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85183090146&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1093/femsyr/foad055
DO - 10.1093/femsyr/foad055
M3 - Book/Film/Article review
C2 - 38142225
AN - SCOPUS:85183090146
SN - 1567-1356
VL - 24
JO - FEMS Yeast Research
JF - FEMS Yeast Research
M1 - foad055
ER -