TY - JOUR
T1 - The De Jong Gierveld short scales for emotional and social loneliness: tested on data from 7 countries in the UN Generations and Gender Surveys
AU - de Jong Gierveld, J.
AU - van Tilburg, T.
N1 - Reporting year: 2010
PY - 2010
Y1 - 2010
N2 - Loneliness concerns the subjective evaluation of the situation individuals are involved in, characterized either by a number of relationships with friends and colleagues which is smaller than is considered desirable (social loneliness), as well as situations where the intimacy in confidant relationships one wishes for has not been realized (emotional loneliness). To identify people who are lonely direct questions are not sufficient; loneliness scales are preferred. In this article, the quality of the three-item scale for emotional loneliness and the three-item scale for social loneliness has been investigated for use in the following countries participating in the United Nations ‘‘Generations and Gender Surveys’’: France, Germany, the Netherlands, Russia, Bulgaria, Georgia, and Japan. Sample sizes for the 7 countries varied between 8,158 and 12,828. Translations of the De Jong Gierveld loneliness scale have been tested using reliability and validity tests including a confirmatory factor analysis to test the two-dimensional structure of loneliness. Test outcomes indicated for each of the countries under investigation reliable and valid scales
for emotional and social loneliness, respectively.
Keywords: loneliness scale; emotional loneliness; social loneliness; partner status; health
AB - Loneliness concerns the subjective evaluation of the situation individuals are involved in, characterized either by a number of relationships with friends and colleagues which is smaller than is considered desirable (social loneliness), as well as situations where the intimacy in confidant relationships one wishes for has not been realized (emotional loneliness). To identify people who are lonely direct questions are not sufficient; loneliness scales are preferred. In this article, the quality of the three-item scale for emotional loneliness and the three-item scale for social loneliness has been investigated for use in the following countries participating in the United Nations ‘‘Generations and Gender Surveys’’: France, Germany, the Netherlands, Russia, Bulgaria, Georgia, and Japan. Sample sizes for the 7 countries varied between 8,158 and 12,828. Translations of the De Jong Gierveld loneliness scale have been tested using reliability and validity tests including a confirmatory factor analysis to test the two-dimensional structure of loneliness. Test outcomes indicated for each of the countries under investigation reliable and valid scales
for emotional and social loneliness, respectively.
Keywords: loneliness scale; emotional loneliness; social loneliness; partner status; health
U2 - 10.1007/s10433-010-0144-6
DO - 10.1007/s10433-010-0144-6
M3 - Article
SN - 1613-9372
VL - 7
SP - 121
EP - 130
JO - European Journal of Ageing
JF - European Journal of Ageing
IS - 2
ER -