TY - JOUR
T1 - The stress-axis in multiple sclerosis
T2 - Clinical, cellular, and molecular aspects
AU - Melief, Jeroen
AU - Huitinga, Inge
AU - Gold, Stefan M
N1 - Copyright © 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
PY - 2021
Y1 - 2021
N2 - Altered activity of the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) stress-axis has been implicated in the pathogenesis and progression of multiple sclerosis (MS) and linked to the development of specific symptoms and comorbidities such as mood disorders, fatigue, or cognitive dysfunction. Overall the HPA-axis is activated or hyperresponsive in MS, though a hyporesponsive HPA-axis has been observed in a subgroup of MS patients that has a more severe course of the disease. Here we provide an overview of the possible causes of HPA-axis activation, sex- and subtype dependent differences, pathological, cellular, and molecular effects, and the clinical correlates of HPA-axis activity in MS.
AB - Altered activity of the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) stress-axis has been implicated in the pathogenesis and progression of multiple sclerosis (MS) and linked to the development of specific symptoms and comorbidities such as mood disorders, fatigue, or cognitive dysfunction. Overall the HPA-axis is activated or hyperresponsive in MS, though a hyporesponsive HPA-axis has been observed in a subgroup of MS patients that has a more severe course of the disease. Here we provide an overview of the possible causes of HPA-axis activation, sex- and subtype dependent differences, pathological, cellular, and molecular effects, and the clinical correlates of HPA-axis activity in MS.
U2 - 10.1016/B978-0-12-820683-6.00008-7
DO - 10.1016/B978-0-12-820683-6.00008-7
M3 - Article
C2 - 34238451
SN - 0072-9752
VL - 181
SP - 119
EP - 126
JO - Handbook of Clinical Neurology
JF - Handbook of Clinical Neurology
ER -